# 1, that's garter stitch.
#2, that's stockinette stitch.
#3, that's garter stitch again, but probably looser than all knits.
You've pretty much described them correctly; knits look like Vs and purls look like bumps. The back of a knit st is a purl st. The piece in this sampler is in Stockinette stitch. The videos here under Basic Stitch patterns -
http://www.knittinghelp.com/videos/knitting-tips - show what happens when you combine the knits and purls in various ways.