salmonmac gave a good answer. I have seen patterns that asked you to knit each loop on the needle of a cast on done with double yarn to increase the stitches, so it depends on what your pattern wants you to do. If they are treating each double strand as as one stitch loop, then you need to be sure you work two strands as one. If they wanted you to increase by knitting each loop as a stitch you'd need to count each of the double loops individually.
